Cooling of floating photovoltaics and the importance of water temperature

• Direct comparison between air-cooled string and water-cooled string. Thermal contact with water increases yield 5–6%. model derived to include both air temperature. Performance data thermal predict U-value of 70–80 W/m 2 K for membrane FPV. For based FPV systems, temp needed when estimating module temp. Enhanced performance floating PV due cooling is widely claimed, but poorly quantified documented in the scientific literature. In this work, we assess effect a specific technology developed by Ocean Sun AS, consisting horizontally mounted modules allowing water. The impact on energy using production from well-instrumented 6.48 kW installation at Skaftå, Norway. addition, apply that incorporates heat transport estimate By comparing an gap modules, find had average 5–6% higher compared Also, system has approximately K, it necessary consider temperature more accurate calculation